Should Labor be Induced in Extra-Long Pregnancies?

Compared to normal-length pregnancies, pregnancies that go on too long carry a slightly greater risk of fetal death at or near the time of birth. For that reason, physicians sometimes recommend that labor be induced when a pregnancy has gone on longer than normal. But induction of labor may also entail a small risk, especially if there is no sign of impending spontaneous labor. Which is the lesser risk?

To find out, researchers combed all the available data from previous studies of inducing, or not inducing, labor after unusually long gestation (usually 41 weeks). In all, they reviewed 30 studies involving a total of over 12,000 women in 14 countries.

The results? Inducing labor after 41 weeks resulted in fewer infant deaths. It also resulted in fewer caesarean deliveries, though on the other hand it did result in more assisted (operative) vaginal births. All in all, induction of labor after 41 weeks of gestation appeared to be a good choice. However, it was not determined in this study whether there is an optimal time of induction - should it be at 41 weeks, or 42, or even 43?

Based on this analysis, women who experience an extra-long gestation can safely consider induction of labor as an option.

Cinnamon-Flavored e-Cigarettes May Pose a Health Risk

The naturally occurring organic compound that gives cinnamon its characteristic flavor and odor is called cinnamaldehyde. It's approved by the FDA as a food additive and is considered to be completely safe in foods. More recently, it's also been used as a flavoring in e-cigarettes, but that just may be a problem. Recent preliminary research suggests that cinnamaldehyde may be harmful when inhaled, according to a report in HealthDay.

In the research, which must be considered preliminary because it has not yet been published in a peer-reviewed journal, human lung cells in cell cultures showed reduced cilia activity when exposed to cinnamaldehyde either in e-liquids and e-liquid vapors. In intact humans, lung cell cilia are responsible for helping to clear the lungs of mucus, dust, and bacteria. If cinnamaldehyde affects the activity of lung cell cilia in intact lungs the same way as it does in cell cultures, it's just possible that it could increase the risk of lung infections.

To be clear, though, an increased risk to your health of vaping cinnamon-flavored e-cigarettes has not yet been proven. So YOU have to decide whether the potential of risk is worth it, if you're ever choosing e-cigarette flavors.

Not All Women With Breast Cancer Will Need Chemotherapy

Nearly 60,000 women a year will benefit from a recent study which shows that not all women with breast cancer should undergo chemotherapy, according to an article in the New York Times. The women who don't benefit from chemotherapy are a subset of women with breast cancer who: 1) are in the early stages of breast cancer, 2) are sensitive to estrogen, 3) test positive for a protein called HER2, and most importantly, 4) have a mid-range score on a genetic test that looks for various genes involved in cancer recurrence. The genetic test, which is now widely available, costs about $3,000.

Cancer is complicated. The newest findings are part of an ongoing effort to fine-tune cancer treatment to each patient's specific situation, so that the patient receives the very best treatment while reducing the risks associated with unnecessary chemotherapy.